10 Common Myths About Dementia

Dementia is a complex condition that affects millions of people worldwide, yet numerous myths persist about its causes, symptoms, and progression. These misconceptions can lead to stigma and misinformation, making it essential to separate facts from myths. Below are ten common myths about dementia and the truths behind them.

Myth 1: Dementia And Alzheimer’s Disease Are The Same

Dementia is an umbrella term for a range of cognitive impairments affecting memory, reasoning, and daily functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is just one type of dementia, accounting for about 60-80% of cases (Alzheimer’s Association, 2023).

Myth 2: Dementia Is a Normal Part of Aging

While ageing increases the risk of dementia, it is not an inevitable part of growing old. Many elderly individuals do not develop dementia, and cognitive decline beyond normal ageing is a sign of underlying conditions (Livingston et al., 2020).

Myth 3: Only Older People Get Dementia

While dementia primarily affects older adults, younger-onset dementia can occur in individuals under 65. Early symptoms often go unrecognised due to the misconception that dementia only affects seniors (Alzheimer’s Society, 2022).

Myth 4: Memory Loss Is The Only Symptom Of Dementia

While memory loss is a common symptom, dementia can also cause difficulty with communication, problem-solving, and emotional regulation. Some types, like frontotemporal dementia, primarily affect behaviour and language rather than memory (McKhann et al., 2011).

Myth 5: Dementia Can’t Be Prevented

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent dementia, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and cognitive stimulation can lower the risk (Livingston et al., 2020).

Myth 6: Dementia’s Entirely Genetic

Genetics can play a role in some forms of dementia, but lifestyle and environmental factors also contribute significantly. Most dementia cases are sporadic rather than inherited (Alzheimer’s Association, 2023).

Myth 7: People Who Have Dementia Can’t Live A Meaningful Life

Many individuals with dementia continue to engage in hobbies, social activities, and relationships, especially in the early and moderate stages, with the proper support and accommodations (Alzheimer’s Society, 2022).

Myth 8: Dementia Medications Can Cure the Disease

Current medications can help manage symptoms and slow progression but do not cure dementia. Research is ongoing to develop more effective treatments (McKhann et al., 2011).

Myth 9: Dementia Symptoms Are Always Obvious

Early symptoms can be subtle, such as slight confusion or difficulty finding words. These signs may be mistaken for normal ageing or stress (Livingston et al., 2020).

Myth 10: People with Dementia Are Unaware of Their Condition

Many individuals in the early stages of dementia are aware of their cognitive decline and can express their feelings about their condition (Alzheimer’s Society, 2022).

Charlot Cauchi is a Gestalt Psychotherapist at Willingness. He specialises in working with adults and the elderly, addressing mental health difficulties, anxiety and depression, grief and loss, trauma, stress, and relational issues.

References
Alzheimer’s Association. (2023). Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. https://www.alz.org
Alzheimer’s Society. (2022). Dementia: Common myths and misconceptions. https://www.alzheimers.org.uk
Livingston, G., Huntley, J., Sommerlad, A., Ames, D., Ballard, C., Banerjee, S., … & Mukadam, N. (2020). Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. The Lancet, 396(10248), 413-446.
McKhann, G. M., Knopman, D. S., Chertkow, H., Hyman, B. T., Jack Jr, C. R., Kawas, C. H., … & Phelps, C. H. (2011). The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 7(3), 263-269.